Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a clinical retrospective study on 565 inpatients

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze clinical manifestations of 565 ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) inpatients in the largest Obstetrics and Gynecology hospital in China from year 2010 to 2017, to get more understanding of epidemiologic features of this disease, and to provide some insight on the diagnosis, treatment, and preventions of OHSS. It is a clinical retrospective study. In the 565 cases that developed OHSS over an eight-year period between 2010 and 2017 were reviewed, we assessed patients’ general characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment, prognosis, and the relationship between different indicators and the severity of OHSS. Totally 12 kinds of ovulation induction protocols (Protocol 1: CC; Protocol 2: Gn; Protocol 3: hCG; Protocol 4: GnRh-a; Protocol 5: CC & Gn; Protocol 6: CC & hCG; Protocol 7: Gn & hCG; Protocol 8: GnRh-a & Gn; Protocol 9: CC & Gn & hCG; Protocol 10: GnRh-a & CC & Gn; Protocol 11: Letrozole & Gn & hCG; Protocol 12:GnRh-a & Letrozole & Gn) were analyzed and the Odds Ratio (OR) of each protocol were calculated. Five hundred and sixty-five patients were reviewed in our study. In all these patients, the number of hospitalizations, mean age, primary infertility rate, and pregnancy rate did not differ through the last 8?years. From which we may infer that the incidence rate of OHSS may not change over the last 8?years. Older patients tend to develop into more severe stage easily. The pregnancy rate was much lower in mild stage patients, but no difference was found between patients in moderate, severe and critical stage. Oocytes retrieval is strongly associated with severity. PCOS history, irregular menstrual cycle and infertility type do not seem to affect the severity of OHSS. Twelve kinds of ovulation induction protocols were analyzed, OR of different protocols were calculated, what is noteworthy is that patients who used GnRh easily developed more severe OHSS than the patients who received oocytes retrieval. We suggest that we may choose ovulation induction protocols according to the OR table while treating women with high-risk factors.     

翻转课堂教学法在天然药物化学实验中的应用

目的利用翻转课堂教学法改进传统的天然药物化学实验课教学模式,提高该课程的教学效果。方法从实验教学的课程设计与开发,课前自主学习、课中内化及课后评估和讨论等环节进行了一系列的探讨与改革。结果翻转课堂教学模式为解决学生长期以来在天然药物化学实验课中缺乏主动参与性、探索性等问题提供一剂良方。结论在天然药物化学实验课教学中引入翻转课堂教学模式的初步探索为天然药物化学实验课的改革提供了依据和思路。     

我国中药材产地市场整合研究——以金银花、枸杞子、板蓝根和太子参为例

中药材专业市场交易量逐渐下降,产地市场交易成为趋势。研究产地市场整合程度有利于了解中药材市场的运行情况,对于合理规划中药材生产和提高市场效率具有重要意义。选取大宗中药材金银花、枸杞子、板蓝根和太子参研究中药材市场整合程度,利用2013—2019年价格指数,运用协整检验、误差修正模型和格兰杰因果检验进行实证分析。结果表明,我国中药材产地市场长期整合程度较高;中药材产地市场的短期整合程度远不及长期整合程度。为此提出4点政策建议:完善中药材价格信息平台、打造非道地产区中药材优质品牌、加快建成中药材质量追溯体系和建设中药材现代物流体系。     

腰椎间盘突出症动物模型的研究进展

近年来,腰椎间盘突出症发病率逐渐增高,由于动物模型对于阐明疾病发病机制及评估新的治疗方法具有重要作用,越来越多的学者开始研究如何建立合适的、能够更好地模拟人类腰椎间盘突出的动物模型。近期的研究多选用包括大鼠、兔、羊、猪等动物作为实验对象,通过物理或化学方式直接损伤其椎间盘或神经根,或通过限制实验动物的行为动作、改变其饲养环境以及性别年龄导致的生理因素等方式诱导其出现椎间盘退变。各种造模方法均有其特点及局限性,适用于不同情况,有必要继续完善。     

基于健康信念模式的护理干预在慢性牙周炎患者种植修复治疗中的应用

目的探讨基于健康信念模式(HBM)的护理干预在慢性牙周炎患者种植修复治疗中的应用效果。方法选取2018年6月至2019年5月我院行种植修复治疗的慢性牙周炎患者72例,随机平均分为两组。对照组采用常规护理及健康教育,观察组在此基础上行基于HBM的护理干预,比较两组的牙科焦虑、畏惧程度,种植体周围PLI、 SBI、 PD。结果干预后,观察组的DAS、 DFS评分低于对照组(P <0.05);干预后6个月,观察组种植体周围PLI、 SBI及PD均优于对照组(P <0.05)。结论基于HBM的护理干预能降低慢性牙周炎患者种植修复的焦虑和畏惧水平,显著改善临床疗效,促进种植体周围健康,值得临床推广。     

基于SWOT模型分析下天津市医联体模式实施现状及对策研究

目的:结合我国医疗卫生现状及相关政策分析天津市开展医联体工作的实施现状,为医联体模式在天津市全面开展提供理论依据,对医疗卫生服务体系整体格局平衡具有现实的指导意义。方法:目的性选取天津市16个建立医联体的三级医院和基层医疗机构的20名人员进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi内容分析法将资料整理分析,应用SWOT模型,归纳总结出天津市医联体模式在实施过程中的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战。结果:天津市开展医联体的优势包括提高基层医生医务能力,应用信息网络搭建沟通平台,提升社区整体水平;劣势包括基层医生工作繁多、压力大、积极性不高,药品管理制度限制患者基层就医,医保制度限制医联体运行;机遇包括医联体建设有国家政策支持,设立专人专岗从事医联体工作;挑战包括基层缺乏吸引人才的机制、区域发展不平衡、缺乏统一管理。结论:天津市医联体模式在实施过程中应加强用经济激励医务人员积极性、建立医联体统一管理制度、完善相关医保政策和药品管理制度,维持医疗卫生服务体系整体格局平衡,促进天津市医联体的全面开展。     

SARIMA模型在苏州市肺结核发病预测中的应用

目的 建立苏州市肺结核发病的SARIMA模型并预测发病,为苏州市肺结核防控提供参考。方法 收集结核病信息管理系统（新）中苏州市2010年1月—2018年12月肺结核月发病数,通过时间序列分析建立SARIMA模型并预测苏州市2019年肺结核的发病情况。结果 苏州市肺结核发病数具有明显的季节周期性,每年的发病最高峰为5月,发病最低谷为2月。苏州市肺结核发病数的最佳拟合模型为SARIMA (0,1,1)×(0,1,1)₁₂,AIC=9.590,SBC=9.644,模型参数均具有统计学意义,模型残差为白噪声序列,模型的预测值与实际值平均绝对百分比误差MAPE=7.943%,模型预测精度较高。预测苏州市2019年肺结核发病数为3 467例,月发病数平均值为289例,发病水平较2018年略有下降。结论 SARIMA(0,1,1)×(0,1,1)₁₂模型能较好拟合出苏州市肺结核发病数的时间变化趋势,可应用于苏州市肺结核月发病数的短期预测。     

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling of oxycodone drug–drug interactions

Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic with several pharmacologically active metabolites and relatively narrow therapeutic index. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and CYP2D6 play major roles in the metabolism of oxycodone and its metabolites. Thus, inhibition and induction of these enzymes may result in substantial changes in the exposure of both oxycodone and its metabolites. In this study, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was built using GastroPlus™ software for oxycodone, two primary metabolites (noroxycodone, oxymorphone) and one secondary metabolite (noroxymorphone). The model was built based on literature and in house in vitro and in silico data. The model was refined and verified against literature clinical data after oxycodone administration in the absence of drug–drug interactions (DDI). The model was further challenged with simulations of oxycodone DDI with CYP3A4 inhibitors ketoconazole and itraconazole, CYP3A4 inducer rifampicin and CYP2D6 inhibitor quinidine. The magnitude of DDI (AUC ratio) was predicted within 1.5-fold error for oxycodone, within 1.8-fold and 1.3–4.5-fold error for the primary metabolites noroxycodone and oxymorphone, respectively, and within 1.4–4.5-fold error for the secondary metabolite noroxymorphone, when compared to the mean observed AUC ratios. This work demonstrated the capability of PBPK model to simulate DDI of the administered compounds and the formed metabolites of both DDI victim and perpetrator. However, the predictions for the formed metabolites tend to be associated with higher uncertainty than the predictions for the administered compound. The oxycodone model provides a tool for forecasting oxycodone DDI with other CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 DDI perpetrators that may be co-administered with oxycodone.